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Neuropathy

neuropathy

What Is Neuropathy?

Neuropathy is described as damage to one or more of the peripheral nerves that connect the spinal cord and brain. This means that the messages that travel between the central and peripheral nervous systems are disrupted or even severely limited. Peripheral neuropathy affects the limbs, i.e. arms, hands, legs, and feet. Patients suffering from this disease may experience numbness, tingling, weakness, unusual sensations or pain in affected areas. Most of the time, symptoms of this disease are symmetrical and occur in both feet and hands.

Contrary to the common notion, this disease can involve many different types of nerves, including sensory, motor and autonomic. It can also be easily categorized according to the size of the nerve fibers which are involved, small or large.

What Causes Neuropathy?

In most parts of the world, Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes are the most common causes of this condition. Over a period of time, elevated blood sugar levels associated with any type of diabetes may cause damage to nerves. Such damage is called diabetic polyneuropathy. According to recent reports and researches, around one in every five diabetics suffers from diabetic polyneuropathy.

Besides diabetes, Peripheral Neuropathy can also develop from a variety of different conditions that affect the body’s immune system. For instance, it may be caused by HIV, Herpes Zoster (commonly known as shingles), and other viral infections, as well as metabolic change and imbalance of the nerves tissues. The nerve tissues are vulnerable to infections, which makes it difficult for the body to transform nutrients into energy.

There are more than a hundred types of peripheral neuropathy that have been identified in different patients, each revealing different types of symptoms as well as patterns of development. Impaired function of nerves depend on the kind of damaged the immune system is suffering from. Some patients may experience numbness, tingling, and/or pricking sensations, along with sensitive touch and weakness of the muscles. Sometimes, this condition is also a side effect of medication.

neuropathy

Who is Affected by Neuropathy?

 

Neuropathy can affect anyone, both the young and the old, but it typically affects older adults. Regardless of age, people suffering from diabetes and other infections have a high possibility of developing this illness. Seventy percent of people suffering from diabetes end up being diagnosed with peripheral neuropathy as well, due to high content of glucose in the body.

 

Symptoms

Symptoms of Peripheral Neuropathy mainly depend on the particular nerve that has been damaged. Symptoms of this condition also depend on whether a single or multiple nerves have been damaged. Some of the common symptoms include:

Pain & Numbness – Painful burning and tingling in the legs and arms can be an early sign of this condition. Usually, such feelings start in your feet and toes. You may suffer from a lot of pain and over a period of time, you may even lose feeling in your arms and legs. Due to this, you may be unable to feel any sensations when you step on something sharp. Similarly, you may not be alerted when you touch something too cold or hot. You may also be unaware of any sores or blisters on either of your feet.

Muscular Problems – With nerve damage, it can be very hard to control your muscles. Thus, you may be experiencing more weakness than before. You may even be unable to move a particular part of your body with the ease you used to have. Tripping over your own toes may also be likely if you have damage in the muscles of your feet; and tasks like buttoning your shirt may be harder if the muscles in your hands have suffered from nerve damage. People suffering from this condition also notice muscle cramps or twitches. After some time of suffering from peripheral neuropathy, your muscles tend to become smaller as well.

Problems Associated with Body Organs – People suffering from this condition have a lot of problems digesting food. They tend to feel bloated or full after a meal or may experience heartburn shortly after eating. Sometimes, people suffering from Peripheral Neuropathy vomit when the food has not been digested properly. Patients may also have difficulty swallowing.

If nerves around your heart have been damaged, you may feel faint or lightheaded whenever you stand up. It is also worth mentioning that nerve damage in this area may hide Angina pain, which is considered to be a warning sign for heart attack and heart disease.

There are also many other symptoms of Peripheral Neuropathy, which depend on the severity of your condition and the types of nerves that have been damaged. They may be physical, stress related or sexual in nature and may even cause depression.

Treatment Options

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